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A type of biotic pollination in which insects carry the pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower of another plant of same species is known as entomophily.
Entamophily
Characteristic features of entomophilous flowers:
- These flowers are vividly coloured, smell good, and offer nectar to attract insects like in jasmine.
- The pollen grains are bigger, and the exine is pitted, spiny, and other characteristics allow them to attach firmly to the sticky stigma.
- If the flowers are small, they aggregate to form a cluster of flowers called inflorescence like in sunflowers.
- They have colourful bracts like in Bougainvillea.
- Some flowers have nectar guides so that the insect can locate the nectaries easily like in pansy.
- Honey bees carry out around \(80%\) of the pollination performed by insects.
Characteristic features of sweet pea flower and mechanism of entomophily:
- The pea plant is a leguminous plant.
- The pea flowers are complete and bisexual.
Pea flower
- The calyx of the flower has five pointed sepals which are green in colour.
- Their corolla has five petals which are structurally different and brightly coloured, scented, produces nectar. Hence, it attracts bees which aids in pollination.
- There are total 10 stamens.
- The pistil or the carpel is constituted of a long, narrow ovary and a long, curved style.
- The bee finds the nectar that is present at the base of the ovary and the anther comes in contact of the bee.
- Thus, pollen grains are adhered to the body of the bee.
Reference:
https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-image.php?image=50400&picture=bee-in-sweet-pea&__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=pmd_0c95579bae6b3043f3344e24f6e94ae15cf727c3-1627305226-0-gqNtZGzNAk2jcnBszQc6
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sweet-pea-flower.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination_management#/media/File:Apis_mellifera_-_Prunus_padus_-_Keila.jpg
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