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So far we have learned about the various methods or techniques to sperate the substances. Let us take a look at the summary of those methods.
S. No | Methods of separation | What it is? | Examples/Applications |
| 1 | Handpicking | The process of removing the impurities or non-essential substances by hand. |
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2 | Winnowing | Winnowing is the process which is used to separate heavier and lighter components of a mixture by wind or by blowing air. | In harvesting process people do winnowing with paddy (rice) and wheat. |
3 | Threshing | The threshing process is used to separate the grains from the stalks by beating the stalks to free the grain. | In harvesting, people do threshing for paddy or wheat to separate the grains from the stalks. |
4 | Sieving | Sieving allows the tiny particles to pass through the holes of the sieve while the bigger impurities remains on the sieve. | Separating the non-essentials from Roti or Maida flour. |
5 | Sedimentation | When water is added to the substances, the heavier component in a mixture settles down, the process is called sedimentation. | We can separate a mud and sand particles from the water by applying sedimentation process. |
6 | Decantation | Decantation is the process of separating the liquid from the mixture by separating the upper liquid layer and letting the other layer of solid or liquid stay below. | We can separate a mixture of oil /kerosene and water. |
7 | Filtration | Filtration is a purification method that can be used to separate a mixture consisting of a liquid substance and the solid impurities in it. |
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8 | Evaporation | Evaporation is used to separate the substance from the solvent, or to obtain concentrated solutions. | In the process of evaporation we can purify common salt from water. |
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