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1. Why a spanner with a long handle is preferred to tighten screws in heavy vehicles?
 
This is because  to tighten the screws depends upon the from the axis of rotation is power arm.  the power arm less is the force required to turn the screws. So spanner is provided with a long handle.
  
2. While catching a cricket ball the fielder lowers his hands backwards. Why?
 
When the fielder lowers his hands backwards, he  the value of time of collision and so retardation is . Hence retarding force becomes than  before and the palm of the fielder is not hurt very much.