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State the universal law of gravitation and deduce its mathematical expression.
Newton’s universal law of gravitation:
This law states that,
.
The force between the particles is always , and it where they are placed.
Let \(m_1\) and \(m_2\) be the masses of two bodies \(A\) and \(B\), placed \(r\ metre\) apart in space.
On combining the above two expressions,