11. Long answer question I

 

a. Darwin's discoveries were published under the title genesis of speciesgenesis of genus.

 

b. According to Darwinian theories, natural selection is a driving force in evolutiongenetics.

 

c. Living organisms can reproduce and form their progeny in a geometricalnon geometrical way . This leads to an increase in reproductive potential leading to the lackoverproduction of organisms that survive.

d. The geometric ratio of population is decreasingincreasing, resulting in an overproduction of organisms.

e. The competition for resources such as food, shelter, breeding places etc., among the organisms of the same species is known as intraspecific struggleinterspecific struggle.

 

f. The competition for resources such as food, shelter, breeding places etc., among the organisms of the two different species living together is known as interspecific struggleintraspecific struggle.

 

g. The struggle faced by the organisms due to environmental factors such as drought, heavy rains, extreme heat or cold, earthquakes and other natural calamities is known as economic struggleenvironmental struggle.

h. According to Darwin, favourable variations are useless to the organaismuseful to the organism.

 

i. The process of selection of organisms with favourable variation is called as natural selectionspeciation.