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Write notes on various factors affecting solubility.
Solubility refers to the that can be dissolved in a given volume of solvent. Solubility in water is frequently expressed in \(gram/100mL\).
The solute's solubility is governed by three major factors:
- Nature of the solute and solvent
- Temperature
- Pressure
Nature of the solute and solvent:
Solubility is greatly influenced by the and solvent. Although water dissolves a wide range of substances, it does not dissolve everything.
When predicting solubility, scientists frequently use the phrase "like dissolves like." This expression means that dissolving occurs when the solvent and the solute have similarities.
Temperature:
a. Solubility of Solids in Liquid:
In general, the solubility of a solvent increases as the rises.
Sugar dissolves more readily in warm water than in cold water.
Solubility increases with increasing temperature in an process.
Solubility decreases with increasing temperature in an process.
b. Solubility of Gases in Liquid:
With , the solubility of gases in liquids decreases.
In general, water contains dissolved . When water is heated, the solubility of oxygen in water decreases, allowing oxygen to escape in the form of bubbles.
Pressure:
Only when gas is soluble in a liquid effect of pressure is observed. The solubility of a gas in liquid is increased.
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