7. Conductors and insulators

Conductors:
In an electrical circuit, the conducting wire, which is made up of metal, allows current to pass through them. Such types of materials are called conductors.

 
All metals are good conductors of electricity. Graphite, a non-metal used in pencil lead, are also a conductor of electricity.

 

 
If we use cotton thread instead of copper wire in an electrical circuit, the current will not flow through the circuit. This is because cotton is a poor conductor of electricity and, it does not allow current to pass through it. Such types of materials are called insulators.

Conductors and insulators play a major role in electrical circuits. Sockets, electrical plugs and switches are made of conductors.

On the other hand, insulators such as plastics and rubber are used for covering switches, wires, plug tops, and other parts of electrical appliances.
 
Electrical Safety:

 
The human body conducts electricity. Carelessness while handling electric devices can cause severe injuries. An electric shock may even lead to death.

 

Electricians wear rubber gloves to avoid electric shock while repairing an electric switch. They also use screwdrivers and testers made of wood or hard plastic.