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First aid:
The immediate treatment given to a victim of trauma or sudden illness before the availability of medical help is known as first aid.
In minor conditions such as normal skin scratch, first aid is enough. But in serious problem, first aid should be continued till advanced medical care becomes available. For diseases such as cholera, oral rehydration salts (ORS) mixed with water are given as first aid.
Characteristics of first aid:
- To save lives.
- To prevent the condition of further bleeding.
- To determine the condition of an individual.
- To provide medical care that is available at the earliest.
A first aid kit containing antibacterial solution, ointments and bandages
First aid by an adhesive strip
Burns:
The damage of tissue due to heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight or nuclear radiations are known as burns. In general burns are mostly caused due to scalds (hot liquids), building fires, flammable liquids and gases.
A picture showing burn on the hand
According to the degree of burning, burns are of three types. They are first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns.
- The burns that affect only the outer layer of skin (epidermis) are known as first-degree burns.
- The burns that affect the epidermis and the dermis (layer below the epidermis) are known as second-degree burns.
- The burns that damage the skin completely in which the underlying tissues are also damaged are known as third-degree burns. The people who experience such types of burns often require skin grafting.
The degrees of burn
First aid for burns:
If the burns are minor ones, they should be washed with cold water, and an antiseptic cream should be applied. If the burns are severe in which the deeper layers of the tissues are destroyed, and blisters are formed, the use of water in these areas should be avoided. The burnt area should be covered with cloth and bandages that are non-sticky and clean. The larger burns need immediate attention. Hence, it is very important to have a fire extinguisher readily available.
Reference:
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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/First-degree_burn1.jpg
https://pixabay.com/it/photos/patch-ginocchio-ferita-dolore-2595322/
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