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Diseases that do not spread from one individual to another are known as non-communicable diseases. Microorganisms never cause these diseases, and hence the antibiotics or medicines that act against the microbes do not help in the cure of these diseases.
Diseases and their causative agents:
1. Wearing out of body parts and problems caused through it:
Rheumatism, heart attack, epileptic seizures, stroke, cataract, migraine headache, and cancer are some of the problems caused by wearing out of the body parts.
2. Problems caused due to the external harmful agents that enter the body:
Allergies, asthma, poisons, snakebite, cough due to smoking, alcoholism, and stomach ulcer are some of the problems.
3. Problems caused due to lack of trace elements in the body:
Anaemia, pellagra, night blindness, xerophthalmia, hypothyroidism, and goitre are some of the problems caused due to the lack of trace elements in the body.
4. Problems due to malnutrition:
For an individual to grow well, work hard, and stay healthy, it is mandatory that they receive nutritious food. When a person does not accept this nutritious food, it is known as malnutrition, due to which many common sicknesses are caused.
Deficiency of protein,and energy during infancy causes various clinical disorders such as Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, and Anaemia.
Kwashiorkor and Marasmus children
Leucoderma:
The skin contains a pigment known as melanin that is responsible for the absorbance of UV radiations. Leucoderma is a non-communicable disease caused by the partial or total loss of the pigment melanin in the skin. This condition is prevalent in people of any age, gender, and ethnicity and has no cure. As it is a non-communicable disease, it does not spread through food, sitting together, handshakes, and so on.
Legs affected with Leucoderma
Reference:
https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Depiction_of_children_suffering_from_two_types_of_malnutrition.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vitiligo.jpg
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