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What is deforestation? Explain the causes and effects of deforestation.
a. A large scale of forest trees to make the land available for different uses is called deforestation.
b. Due to the decrease in population, forests are cleared as there is competition for space and food.
c. Deforestation is caused through like forest fire, cyclone, drought and flood.
d. Deforestation is caused through like agricultural expansion, cattle breeding, mining, to construct roads, dams, houses, industries, and to obtain timber.
e. Agricultural expansion is . Here trees are cut down for crop production. More than \(40 \%\) of forests are cleared to obtain land to meet agricultural needs.
f. With , more land is needed for housing and settlement. The expansion of the city caused the clearing of forests.
g. Mining exploits forest lands. A large number of trees are cut down due to mining. Waste that comes from mining pollutes the environment and affects the plants present nearby.
h. To meet the wood needs, wood-based industries like requires an increased amount of wood supply. Thus, trees are cut down.
i. are expected from time to time and is caused due to accidents, natural factors or humans. It wipes out a large area of forest nearly thousands of acres each year all over the world, and affects the biodiversity as well as the economy.
j. Deforestation causes loss of species of plants, animals, and few are in the verge of extinction. This is called .
k. Deforestation causes exposure of the lower layers called , which cause the exposure of soil to sun's heat.
l. Deforestation the amount of water vapour released, and thus there is decreased rainfall. Deforestation, therefore, affects the water cycle, which the rainfall and may cause droughts.
m. Deforestation the water holding capacity and reduce the infiltration rate of soil. This causes frequent flooding of the rivers that causes loss of life as well as property.
n. Deforestation causes reduction of trees which cause of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide accumulating in the atmosphere the heat energy inside the atmosphere leading to an increase in temperature.
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