Magnetisation — lesson. Science State Board, Class 8.

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The materials attracted by a magnet can be magnetised to permanent magnets by the process of magnetisation.

Exposing a piece of iron or a substance to a magnetic field and converting it into a permanent or temporary magnet is magnetisation. Artificial magnets are produced by this method.

Magnetic materials are classified as magnetically hard or soft materials based on magnetisation.
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Soft magnetic materials:

If a material can be easily magnetised, then it is a magnetically soft material. For example, iron is a soft magnetic material.

Example:

These materials are used in various appliances in daily life.

Transformer

Generator

Electric motor

Hard magnetic materials:

Magnetically hard materials require a strong magnetic field to be magnetised due to their atomic structure. This is because different materials have different atomic structures and behave differently in a magnetic field. An example of magnetic hard materials is Alnico.

Example: