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Matter and energy are responsible for all manifestations, phenomena, and the evolution of life in the universe. All of the objects in our universe are made of some form of matter. Some of these objects are perceived through our senses of sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell. A glass tumbler can be seen, the smell of agarbatti burning can be sensed, and the wind can be felt. All kinds of matter possess mass and occupy space.
Matter is anything, which occupies space or volume and mass and can be perceived by our senses.
Matter consists of atoms or molecules or ions.
Atoms
An atom is the smallest particle consists of neutron (n), electron (e) and protons (p). Atoms exhibit all the properties of elements.
Particles | Charge |
Proton (p) | \(+1\) |
Neutron (n) | \(0\) |
Electron (e) | \(-1\) |
Atom
Molecules
Molecules consist of the same or different kind of atoms.
Atoms of the same kind of molecules
Atoms of different kind of molecules
Ions
Ions are atoms or group of atoms having positive or negative charges. The positively charged ions are called cations, and negatively charged ions are called anions.
Example:
Where,
is cation.
is anion.
Reference:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Atom_Diagram.svg/1200px-Atom_Diagram.svg.png
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