Properties of metals and non-metals — lesson. Science State Board, Class 8.

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S.No	Properties	Metals	Non-metals
1	Physical state	- Solid under NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure). Mercury is liquid at room temperature. Cesium (Cs), rubidium (Rb), francium (Fr) and gallium (Ga) become liquids at or just above room temperature.	- Solid, liquid and gases at NTP. Sulphur, phosphorus occur in solid-state Bromine occurs in liquid state. Gases like oxygen, nitrogen, etc. occur in the gaseous state.
2	Hardness	- Hard Even metals such as sodium and potassium are soft enough to be cut by a knife.	- Soft Except diamond
3	Lustre	- Shiny	- Dull appearance Except graphite, diamond and iodine.
4	Density	- High density Except sodium and potassium, which a have low density.	- Low density Except diamond
5	Melting and boiling point	- High Except sodium, potassium, mercury and gallium.	- Low Except carbon, silicon and boron.
6	Tensile strength	The capacity to withstand strain without breaking is called tensile strength. Metals have this property. Except zinc, arsenic and antimony.	Non - metals do not have this property. Except carbon fibre as tensile as steel.
7	Malleability	The tendency of hammering metals into very thin sheets called malleability. metals are malleable. Aluminium has the property to transform into silvery foils.	Non-malleable When non-metals are hammered, they will form a powdery mass as they are in solid state and are brittle in nature.
8	Ductility	Metals can be drawn into thin wires. Hence, ductile. Copper wires	- Non-ductile Except carbon fibre, which is highly ductile.
9	Conductivity	- Good conductors Except bismuth and tungsten.	- Bad conductor of electricity Except graphite
10	Sonorous	When hitting metals, they produce a typical sound called sonorous.	Non-sonorous (do not produce sound when hit).

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