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Causes
1. They are Foreign Invasions.
2. Environmental Changes
3. Disruptions in Trade
4. Social Instability
The Indus Valley Civilization, which flourished in modern-day India and Pakistan, started to decline around 1800 BCE. This culture, as well as its two great cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, gradually vanished.
The City of Dholavira located in Khadir island, Rann of Kutchch
belonged to mature Harappan phase.
Harappa is the name given to the Indus Valley people because it was the first city discovered in 1922 by archaeologist R. D. Banerji. Archaeological findings led archaeologists to believe that trade with Mesopotamia had ceased in modern-day Iraq. The great city's drainage systems and baths were blocked.
Indus Script: These ten Indus Script symbols were found on a “sign-board” in the ancient city of Dholavira.
Writings began to disappear. The standardised weights and measures used for trade and taxation fell out of use.
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