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Answer variants:
90
Elephanta
Dalavanur
Ellora
Mamallapuram
Rajasimheswaram
Rock-cut
Mumbai
Structural
30
monolithic
Kanchipuram
1. Examine Pallavas’ contributions to architecture.
  
Pallava period is known for architectural splendour.
 
Pallava’s architecture can be classified as:

temples – Mahendravarman style.
 
Monlithic Rathas and Sculptural Mandapas – Mamallan style.
 
Temples – Rajasimhan style and Nandivarman style.
 
1. Mahendravarman Style:
 
The best example of MahendraVarma style monuments are cave temples at Mandagapattu, Mahendravadi, Mamandur,
, Tiruchirapalli, Vallam, Tirukazhukkundram and Siyamangalam.
 
2. Mamalla Style:
 
The five rathas (chariots), popularly called Panchapandavar rathas, signify five different style of temple architecture.
 
Each ratha has been carved out of a single rock.
 
So, they are called
.
  
The popular mandapams they built are Mahishasuramardhini mandapam, Thirumoorthi mandapam and Varaha mandapam.
 
The most important among the Mamalla style of architecture is the open art gallery.
 
3. Rajasimha Style and Nandivarma Style :

Narasimhavarma II, also known as Rajasimha, constructed structural temples using stone blocks.

The best example of the structural temple is Kailasanatha temple at
.
 
This temple was built by using sand stones.
 
Kailasanatha temple is called
.
 
The last stage of the Pallava architecture is also represented by structural temples built by the later Pallavas.
 
The best example is Vaikunda Perumal temple at Kanchipuram.
 
2. Write a note on Elephanta island and Kailasanatha temple at Ellora.
 
Elephanta Island:

Elepahanta is an island near
. It is originally called as Sripuri but local people called Gharapuri.
 
The Portuguese named it as Elephanta, after seeing the huge image of an elephant.
 
The Trimurthi Siva icon is illustrative of the sculptural beauty portrayed in the Cave temple of
.
 
There are impressive images of dwarapalakas (entrance guards) at the entrance of the temple.
 
Kailasanatha Temple –
(near Aurangabad, Maharashtra)
 
Kailasanatha Temple was one of the
temples carved out of the hill at Ellora.
 
It was built during the reign of Krishna I.
 
The temple is known for its architectural grandeur and sculptural splendour.
 
The temple covers an area of over \(60,000\) sq.ft and vimanam (temple tower) rises to a height of
feet.
 
This temple has resemblance to the shore temple at
.