Modular arithmetic — lesson. Mathematics State Board, Class 10.

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The idea of modular arithmetic was proposed by Carl Fredrick Gauss, a German mathematician called the "Prince of Mathematicians".

The process of wrapping around numbers when a certain value is attained is called

modular arithmetic.

The best example to explain the concept is the clock.

The clock shows the time for

$24$ hours using only

$12$ numbers,

$1$ ,

$2$ ,

$3$ ,...,

$11$ and

$12$ . After

$12$ , we use

$1$ again for

$13$ hours,

$2$ for

$14$ hours and so on. Here, the numbers are wrapped again from

$1$ to

$12$ to represent

$13$ to

$24$ hours. This way of again wrapping the numbers after a certain value is called modular arithmetic.

Reference:

Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carl_Friedrich_Gauss_1840_by_Jensen.jpg

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1. Modular arithmetic