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A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
- A solute is a part of a solution that is present in a smaller quantity by weight.
- A solvent is a variable that is present in a greater quantity by weight.
The solvent is the substance that does not dissolve. A solvent is a variable that is present in a greater quantity by weight.
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Solvent
The solute is the material that dissolves. A solute is a part of a solution that is present in a smaller quantity by weight.
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Solute
If we add the solvent and solute, we get the solution.
Solution \(=\) Solvent \(+\) Solute.
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Solution formation
The solute is distributed uniformly throughout the solvent, resulting in a homogeneous mixture. The solvent serves as a dissolving medium in a solution.
The process of uniform distribution of solute into the solvent is called dissolution.
All solutions are mixtures, but all mixtures are not solutions. Why?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture that has the same or similar properties throughout the mixture. Consider the example of saltwater. This is also referred to as a "homogeneous mixture."
A mixture is not uniform throughout and so not considered as a solution. Consider the example of sand in water. This is also referred to as a "heterogeneous mixture."
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A solution must have at least two components (a solute and a solvent). Binary solutions are those that consist of one solute and one solvent (two components).
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Formation of copper sulphate solution
For example, when copper sulphate crystals are added to water, they dissolve and form a copper sulphate solution. Here the solution is made up of two parts namely: one solute (copper sulphate) and one solvent (water). So, it is a binary solution.
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Adding mixture of salt and sugar to water
A solution may also have more than two components. When salt and sugar are added to water, they dissolve and form a solution. In this case, two solutes are dissolved in a single solvent.
Ternary solutions are solutions that have three components.
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Coffee is the best example of ternary solutions as it contains three constituents such as milk, coffee powder and sugar.