16. Answer in detail II

Give a detailed account on irrigation.

 

a. The process of supplying water in uncontrolled amounts and irregular intervals to the crops is called irrigation.

b. The sources of irrigation includes __________.

c. In traditional method of irrigation, irrigation is done __________.

d. Cattle or human labour is used in traditional methods.

e. Pumps are used for lifting water from sources.

f. Traditional irrigation is costlier and more efficient than modern irrigation.

g. Modern irrigation method helps to overcome the problems that exist in traditional methods.

h. Modern irrigation employs electricity and engineering to use the water efficiently. It also involves the usage of power and machinery.

i. In __________, water is sprinkled all over the crop, which helps in the even distribution of water. A pump is connected to the pipes through which pressure is generated. Water is forced through small tubes and rotating nozzles attached to a major pipeline with water.

j. In __________, water is made to fall drop by drop at the root zone using a hose or pipe.

k. A __________ is beneficial for lawns, coffee plantations, and other crops. It is useful in uneven surface areas and areas facing water scarcity.

l. The __________ suits for watering fruit trees and gardens. Here, water is not wasted and is effective where water availability is less, i.e., in dry regions with inadequate water resources.