PUMPA - SMART LEARNING
எங்கள் ஆசிரியர்களுடன் 1-ஆன்-1 ஆலோசனை நேரத்தைப் பெறுங்கள். டாப்பர் ஆவதற்கு நாங்கள் பயிற்சி அளிப்போம்
Book Free DemoA molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound capable of an independent life and exhibiting all of the substance's properties.
In general, a molecule is a set of two or more atoms that are chemically bound or held together by attractive forces.
Atoms from the same or different elements may combine to form a molecule.
Atoms from the same or different elements may combine to form a molecule.
Example:
- To understand it simply, consider a water molecule, which has two elements hydrogen and oxygen. These two hydrogen and one oxygen atoms combined to form a water molecule.
- Calcium oxide \(CaO\) contains two elements calcium and oxygen. One atom of calcium and oxygen each combine to form a calcium oxide molecule.
- Oxygen \(O_2\) where two oxygen atoms make up this molecule.
- Chlorine \(Cl_2\) where two chlorine atoms make up this molecule.
Molecules of elements:
The atoms that make up a molecule of elements are of the same nature.
- Monoatomic Elements:
In their molecular form, certain elements are monatomic, meaning they are made up of just one atom.
Helium \(He\) is an example of a monoatomic element.
- Diatomic Elements:
If the molecule constitutes two atoms, we can classify it as a diatomic molecule. In their molecular shape, other elements have two or more atoms.
For example, each molecule of hydrogen \(H_2\), oxygen \(O_2\), and chlorine \(Cl_2\) has two atoms.
- Triatomic Elements:
If another atom is combined with , it forms ozone (), which is a triatomic molecule.
Note:
- Monoatomic and diatomic molecules are more stable than triatomic molecules.
- Most non-metals are diatomic molecules.
Molecules of compounds:
Compound molecules contain atoms from two or more separate elements.
Example:
For example, Water \(H_2O\) has three atoms: Two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom.
Methane \(CH_4\) with five atoms: One carbon (C) and four hydrogen (H) atoms respectively.
Glucose \(C_6H_{12}O_6\) contains the elements of carbon \(6\), hydrogen \(12\) and oxygen \(6\) atoms combined to form a glucose molecule.
Sodium chloride \(NaCl\) contains the two elements of hydrogen and oxygen atoms combined to form a sodium chloride molecule.
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